lead
英 [li?d]
美[lid]
- n. 領導；鉛；導線；榜樣
- vt. 領導；致使；引導；指揮
- vi. 領導；導致；用水砣測深
- adj. 帶頭的；最重要的
- n. (Lead)人名；(英)利德
CET4考研CET6中低頻詞基本詞匯
詞態變化
復數:?leads;第三人稱單數:?leads;過去式:?led;過去分詞:?led;現在分詞:?leading;
中文詞源
lead 帶領，領導
來自PIE*leit,向前走，詞源同lodestar,lodestone.引申詞義引導，領導。
lead 鉛來自Proto-Germanic*lauda,鉛，可能進一步來自PIE*ploud,流動，流體，詞源同plumb,plumber.因鉛是一種易溶易鍛造的金屬元素而得名，據歷史記載，人們利用和使用鉛的歷史可追溯自公元6000多年前，該遺址位于今土耳其境內。
英文詞源
- lead
- lead: [OE] English has two words lead, spelled the same but of course pronounced differently and with a very different history. The verb goes back to a prehistoric West and North Germanic *laithjan. This was derived from *laithō ‘way, journey’ (from which English gets load); so etymologically lead means ‘cause to go along one’s way’. Its Germanic relatives include German leiten, Dutch leiden, Swedish leda, and Danish lede. Lead the metal is probably of Celtic origin.
The prehistoric Celtic word for ‘lead’ was *loudiā, which may have come ultimately from an Indo-European source meaning ‘flow’ (a reference to the metal’s low melting point). Its modern descendants include Irish luaidhe and Gaelic luaidh. It could well have been borrowed into prehistoric West Germanic as *lauda, which would have produced modern German lot ‘solder’, Dutch lood ‘lead’, and English lead.
=> load - lead (v.1)
- "to guide," Old English l?dan "cause to go with one, lead, guide, conduct, carry; sprout forth; bring forth, pass (one's life)," causative of liean "to travel," from Proto-Germanic *laidjan (cognates: Old Saxon lithan, Old Norse liea "to go," Old High German ga-lidan "to travel," Gothic ga-leitan "to go"), from PIE *leit- "to go forth."
Meaning "to be in first place" is from late 14c. Sense in card playing is from 1670s. Related: Led; leading. Lead-off "commencement, beginning" attested from 1879; lead-in "introduction, opening" is from 1928. - lead (n.1)
- heavy metal, Old English lead, from West Germanic *loudhom (cognates: Old Frisian lad, Middle Dutch loot, Dutch lood "lead," German Lot "weight, plummet"). The name and the skill in using the metal seem to have been borrowed from the Celts (compare Old Irish luaide), probably from PIE root *plou(d)- "to flow."
Figurative of heaviness since at least early 14c. Black lead was an old name for "graphite," hence lead pencil (1680s) and the colloquial figurative phrase to have lead in one's pencil "be possessed of (especially male sexual) vigor," attested by 1902. Lead balloon "a failure," American English slang, attested by 1957 (as a type of something heavy that can be kept up only with effort, from 1904). Lead-footed "slow" is from 1896; opposite sense of "fast" emerged 1940s in trucker's jargon, from notion of a foot heavy on the gas pedal. - lead (n.2)
- c. 1300, "action of leading," from lead (v.1). Meaning "the front or leading place" is from 1560s. Johnson stigmatized it as "a low, despicable word." Sense in card-playing is from 1742; in theater, from 1831; in journalism, from 1912; in jazz bands, from 1934.
- lead (v.2)
- early 15c., "to make of lead," from lead (n.1). Meaning "to cover with lead" is from mid-15c. Related: Leaded (early 13c.); leading.
雙語例句
- 1. Politicians say it could lead to a dissolution of parliament.
- 政客們說這可能會導致議會解散。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. The group proceeded with a march they knew would lead to bloodshed.
- 這個團體繼續示威游行，他們知道這將導致流血事件的發生。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. This can lead to bodily weakness and muscle wastage.
- 這樣可能會導致身體虛弱和肌肉萎縮。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of depression and exhaustion.
- 缺乏鍛煉會導致抑郁和疲勞。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. The Turkish situation makes the lead in tomorrow's Guardian.
- 土耳其局勢將成為明天《衛報》的頭條。
來自柯林斯例句